the effects of cold stress at germination and seedling stages on antioxidant enzymes and some physiological aspects of chickpea (cicer arientinum).

in order to investigate the effects of cold stress on antioxidant enzymes and physiological characteristics in chickpea, two separate experiments were conducted at germination and seedling stages. each experiment with six temperature levels (t1(control)=15c°, t2=5c°, t3=0c°, t4=-5c°, t5=-10c° and t6=-15c°) and three varieties (v1=pirouz v2=ilc482 v3=bivaniej) was carried out in a randomized complete block design with three replications at controlled condition in crop physiological laboratory of kurdistan university at 2009. the results showed that cold treatment increased catalase and peroxdase activity, cell membrane injury and h2o2 concentration significantly. the temperature -5c° treatment had the most influence on physiological traits. based on germination stage trial, ilc482 was known as resistance cultivar and pirouz showed highest sensitivity to cold treatments. there were positive and significant correlation between h2o2 concentration with catalase (r = 0.98**) and peroxidase (r = 0.89**) at germination stage. peroxidase activity was about tenfold more of the catalase activity. in general, the results showed that cold stress increased reactive oxygen species; these product lead to oxidative damages to cell membrane.